The correct option is:
The sum or difference of a rational and irrational number is a rational number.
This statement is actually incorrect; the sum or difference of a rational number and an irrational number is, in fact, an irrational number.
In summary, if you take a rational number (which can be expressed as a fraction of integers) and add or subtract an irrational number (which cannot be expressed as a fraction of integers), the result will always be irrational.
So, if the question is asking for which statement corresponds to the closure property in proving why the sum of a rational and irrational number is irrational, you would not choose any of the statements provided since all are incorrect. The correct understanding is that the sum of a rational number and an irrational number is always irrational.