In the first three chapters of "The Picture of Dorian Gray" by Oscar Wilde, several key themes emerge. Below are three topics along with supporting evidence and commentary.
Topic 1: The Nature of Beauty and Aestheticism
Evidence: In Chapter 1, when Basil Hallward paints Dorian Gray’s portrait, he expresses his admiration for Dorian's beauty. This admiration is compounded by his contention that beauty is of paramount importance. Basil states, "The only thing that one really never sees in the world is the face of the one who looks at you."
Commentary: This quote highlights the central preoccupation with aesthetic beauty that permeates the early chapters. Basil’s obsession with Dorian’s physical appearance symbolizes a broader commentary on the nature of art and the importance placed on external beauty in society. Dorian embodies ideal beauty, which becomes the source of both admiration and danger as the narrative unfolds. It raises questions about the relationship between outward appearances and inner morality.
Topic 2: Influence and Manipulation
Evidence: In Chapter 2, the introduction of Lord Henry Wotton serves as a catalyst for Dorian's transformation. Lord Henry’s seductive worldview is evident when he tells Dorian, "The only way to get rid of a temptation is to yield to it."
Commentary: This statement encapsulates Lord Henry’s corrupting influence over Dorian. Lord Henry's hedonistic philosophy encourages Dorian to pursue pleasure at all costs, which eventually leads him down a morally ambiguous path. This manipulation illustrates the theme of influence, showing how powerful characters can shape the ideas and decisions of a more impressionable individual. The tension between free will and external influence becomes a critical focus, exploring how one's environment can dictate moral choices.
Topic 3: The Relationship Between Art and Life
Evidence: Basil’s reluctance to exhibit the portrait he’s painted of Dorian reflects his belief that art is deeply personal. He asserts, "There is too much of myself in the thing."
Commentary: This concern reveals a complex interplay between the artist and his creation. Basil’s connection to the portrait signifies not only his love for Dorian but also the idea that art can hold significant emotional and moral weight. The idea that the artwork reflects the artist's soul suggests that art could reveal more than mere aesthetics; it can expose vulnerabilities and desires. As Dorian becomes increasingly enamored with the portrait and the idea of eternal youth, the theme of art and its power over life becomes more pronounced, hinting at the consequences of valuing beauty above all else.
These topics are foundational in establishing the themes explored throughout the novel, emphasizing the impact of beauty, the influence of others, and the relationship between art and identity.