Question

List some organic compounds with their IUPAC and common name with their structures

Answer 1

Here are some examples of organic compounds along with their IUPAC names, common names, and descriptions of their structures. Since I can't draw structures directly, I will describe the molecular structure in words. You can easily visualize or draw these using various molecular modeling software or online resources.

### 1. Methane
- **IUPAC Name**: Methane
- **Common Name**: Methane
- **Structure**: \( CH_4 \) - A colorless gas at room temperature with a central carbon atom bonded to four hydrogen atoms, arranged in a tetrahedral geometry.

### 2. Ethanol
- **IUPAC Name**: Ethanol
- **Common Name**: Ethyl alcohol
- **Structure**: \( C_2H_5OH \) - A two-carbon chain with a hydroxyl (-OH) group attached to one carbon. It appears as a straight chain with the structure:
```
H
|
H - C - C - O - H
| |
H H
```

### 3. Acetic Acid
- **IUPAC Name**: Ethanoic acid
- **Common Name**: Acetic acid
- **Structure**: \( C_2H_4O_2 \) - A two-carbon chain where one carbon forms a carboxylic acid group (–COOH). The structure can be shown as:
```
O
||
H - C - C - O - H
| |
H H
```

### 4. Benzene
- **IUPAC Name**: Benzene
- **Common Name**: Benzene
- **Structure**: \( C_6H_6 \) - A six-carbon ring with alternating double bonds (aromatic), often represented as a hexagon with a circle inside.

### 5. Cyclohexane
- **IUPAC Name**: Cyclohexane
- **Common Name**: Cyclohexane
- **Structure**: \( C_6H_{12} \) - A six-carbon ring structure with single bonds. It is represented as a hexagon with each vertex representing a carbon atom.

### 6. Propylene Glycol
- **IUPAC Name**: Propan-1,2-diol
- **Common Name**: Propylene glycol
- **Structure**: \( C_3H_8O_2 \) - A three-carbon chain with two hydroxyl groups. Its structure can be represented as:
```
H OH
| |
H - C - C - C - H
| |
H H
```

### 7. Butyric Acid
- **IUPAC Name**: Butanoic acid
- **Common Name**: Butyric acid
- **Structure**: \( C_4H_8O_2 \) - A four-carbon chain with a carboxylic acid (-COOH) group. Its structure is:
```
O
||
H - C - C - C - C - O - H
| | |
H H H
```

### 8. 2-Butanol
- **IUPAC Name**: Butan-2-ol
- **Common Name**: Sec-butyl alcohol
- **Structure**: \( C_4H_{10}O \) - A four-carbon chain with a hydroxyl group on the second carbon. The structure is:
```
OH
|
H - C - C - C - H
| |
H H
|
H
```

### 9. Toluene
- **IUPAC Name**: Methylbenzene
- **Common Name**: Toluene
- **Structure**: \( C_7H_8 \) - A benzene ring with a single methyl group (-CH₃) attached, making it a hexagonal ring with one side substituted.

### 10. Hexamine
- **IUPAC Name**: Hexamethylenetetramine
- **Common Name**: Urotropine
- **Structure**: \( C_6H_{12}N_4 \) - Composed of six carbon atoms connected through amine groups, typically represented in a cyclic form.

These compounds represent a variety of classes including alkanes, alcohols, carboxylic acids, and aromatic compounds. For the structures, consider using structural formulas or molecular visualization tools for a clearer representation.