Name George Polya’s four step to problem solving model and provide example for each step for foundation phase learners

George Polya's four-step problem-solving model consists of the following steps:

1. **Understand the Problem**
2. **Devise a Plan**
3. **Carry Out the Plan**
4. **Look Back**

Here's how you could explain and give examples of each step for foundation phase learners (typically grades R-3):

### 1. Understand the Problem
**Example:**
Suppose the problem is: "You have 3 apples. Your friend gives you 2 more apples. How many apples do you have now?"

**Activity:** Ask the students to read the problem aloud. Then, discuss what is being asked. Encourage them to visualize the scenario with real apples or drawing pictures. The focus is on clarifying how many apples they start with and how many they receive.

### 2. Devise a Plan
**Example:**
Plan: "I will add the number of apples I have to the number of apples my friend gives me."

**Activity:** Guide the students to write down their plan. They could use counters or drawings of apples to represent the addition. For instance, they can draw 3 apples and then draw 2 more apples next to them.

### 3. Carry Out the Plan
**Example:**
Engage in the actual addition:
3 apples (drawn or counted) + 2 apples (drawn or counted).

**Activity:** Have the students physically count out 3 apples and then add 2 more. They can find the total number of apples by counting all of them together (1, 2, 3, 4, 5).

### 4. Look Back
**Example:**
Once they arrive at a total, which is 5 apples, ask them to double-check their work.

**Activity:** Encourage them to review their counting and the addition process. They could also explain their solution to a peer or draw a picture of their final answer. Ask questions like: "Does our answer make sense?" or "What would happen if I had 5 apples instead?"

By guiding foundation phase learners through these steps, you empower them not only to solve the problem at hand but also to approach future problems with a structured method.