In how many ways can 4 balls be placed in 3 boxes if the balls are indistinguishable, and the boxes are distinguishable?

1 answer

To determine the number of ways to distribute 4 indistinguishable balls into 3 distinguishable boxes, we can use the "stars and bars" theorem from combinatorics.

The number of ways to place \( n \) indistinguishable balls into \( k \) distinguishable boxes can be found by solving the equation:

\[ x_1 + x_2 + x_3 = n \]

where \( x_1, x_2, \) and \( x_3 \) are the numbers of balls in each of the three boxes, respectively, and \( n \) is the total number of balls.

In our case, \( n = 4 \) (the number of balls) and \( k = 3 \) (the number of boxes). The formula to find the number of non-negative integer solutions to this equation is given by:

\[ \binom{n + k - 1}{k - 1} \]

Substituting the values \( n = 4 \) and \( k = 3 \):

\[ \binom{4 + 3 - 1}{3 - 1} = \binom{6}{2} \]

Next, we can calculate \( \binom{6}{2} \):

\[ \binom{6}{2} = \frac{6!}{2!(6 - 2)!} = \frac{6 \times 5}{2 \times 1} = \frac{30}{2} = 15 \]

Thus, the total number of ways to place 4 indistinguishable balls into 3 distinguishable boxes is \( \boxed{15} \).