A. DEFINE THE TERM NODE ADDRESING METHODS.

A. Node addressing methods refer to the techniques used to identify and locate nodes in a network. This is essential in data communication and networking to ensure accurate delivery of data packets to the intended destination.

B. Features of node addressing methods include:

1. Circuit Switching: In circuit switching, a dedicated communication path is established between two nodes before any data transfer occurs. This path remains active for the duration of the communication session, ensuring a constant connection throughout the transmission.

2. Message Switching: Message switching involves the transmission of entire messages as a single unit. Each message is stored and forwarded through intermediate nodes in the network until it reaches its destination. The entire message is transmitted in one piece without being broken down into smaller components.

3. Packet Switching: Packet switching breaks data into small packets that are individually addressed and routed through the network to their destination. Each packet may take a different route to reach the destination, and they are reassembled at the receiving end.

4. Frame Relay: Frame relay is a high-speed data transmission technology that operates at the data link layer of the OSI model. It uses virtual circuits to create connections between nodes for data transfer, allowing for efficient and reliable communication over a wide area network (WAN).

5. Cell Relay: Cell relay, specifically asynchronous transfer mode (ATM), breaks data into fixed-length cells for transmission through the network. Each cell contains a header with routing information, allowing for fast and efficient switching of data between nodes. Cell relay is commonly used in high-speed networking applications.