Genetic variation refers to the differences in DNA sequences between individuals within a population. This variation is essential for the survival and adaptation of a species because it allows for a diverse range of traits within the population. This diversity increases the probability that at least some individuals will possess traits that are well-suited to survive and reproduce in a given environment.
For example, if a population of animals is faced with a sudden change in their environment, such as a new predator or a different food source, those individuals with genetic variations that provide them with a better ability to adapt to the new conditions will have a higher probability of survival. These individuals will be more likely to reproduce and pass on their advantageous traits to their offspring, increasing the overall fitness of the population.
On the other hand, individuals with less beneficial genetic variations may struggle to survive and reproduce in the new environment, reducing their chances of passing on their genes to future generations. Over time, this can lead to a decrease in the frequency of less advantageous traits within the population.
In summary, genetic variation plays a crucial role in determining the probability of survival and reproduction for individuals within a population. The greater the genetic variation, the higher the likelihood that some individuals will possess traits that enhance their ability to survive and reproduce, ultimately increasing the overall fitness of the population.
describe how genetic variation affects probability of survival and reproduction
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