Question

Explain the relationship between codons on the mRNA molecule and the amino acids that make up the synthesized protein. (2 points)

Answer 1

Codons are three-nucleotide sequences on the mRNA molecule that correspond to specific amino acids. Each codon codes for one specific amino acid through the genetic code. During protein synthesis, transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules carrying the matching anticodon bind to the corresponding codon on the mRNA. This process ensures that the correct amino acids are brought to the ribosome and linked together in the correct order to synthesize the protein. Therefore, the relationship between codons on the mRNA molecule and the amino acids is essential for determining the sequence of amino acids in the synthesized protein.