1. The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk effectively ended Russia's involvement in World War I, allowing the country to focus on its own internal conflicts and the Russian Civil War.
2. Russia ceded a significant amount of territory to the Central Powers, including Poland, Finland, the Baltic states, and parts of Ukraine and Belarus.
3. The treaty imposed heavy reparations on Russia, including significant economic concessions and payments to the Central Powers.
4. The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk weakened the Russian government and further destabilized the country, contributing to the eventual rise of the Bolsheviks and the establishment of the Soviet Union.
5. The treaty led to hostility and resentment among many Russians, who saw the concessions as a betrayal of their country's interests and sovereignty.
6. The treaty had long-term consequences for the territorial boundaries of Eastern Europe, shaping the borders of several countries that emerged in the aftermath of World War I.
What were the effects of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?
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