Question
How did each country in Africa in each country gain their independence? Independence through revolt or peaceful?
Answers
GPT 3.5
1. Algeria - gained independence from France in 1962 after a long and bloody war of independence.
2. Angola - gained independence from Portugal in 1975 after a violent struggle led by the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA).
3. Benin - gained independence from France in 1960 through a peaceful negotiation process.
4. Botswana - gained independence from Britain in 1966 through peaceful negotiations.
5. Burkina Faso - gained independence from France in 1960 through a peaceful process.
6. Burundi - gained independence from Belgium in 1962 through negotiations.
7. Cameroon - gained independence from France and Britain in 1960 and 1961, respectively, through peaceful negotiations.
8. Cape Verde - gained independence from Portugal in 1975 through a peaceful process.
9. Central African Republic - gained independence from France in 1960 through peaceful negotiations.
10. Chad - gained independence from France in 1960 through a peaceful process.
11. Comoros - gained independence from France in 1975 through a peaceful process.
12. Congo, Democratic Republic of the - gained independence from Belgium in 1960 through peaceful negotiations.
13. Congo, Republic of the - gained independence from France in 1960 through peaceful negotiations.
14. Djibouti - gained independence from France in 1977 through a peaceful referendum.
15. Egypt - gained independence from Britain in 1952 after a series of revolts and uprisings that culminated in the Egyptian Revolution of 1952.
16. Equatorial Guinea - gained independence from Spain in 1968 after a bloody struggle led by the National Liberation Army of Equatorial Guinea.
17. Eritrea - gained independence from Ethiopia in 1991 after a long and brutal war of independence.
18. Eswatini - gained independence from Britain in 1968 through peaceful negotiations.
19. Ethiopia - Ethiopia has never been colonized and remained independent throughout the colonial period. However, Emperor Haile Selassie's rule effectively ended in 1974 after a revolution led by the Derg military junta.
20. Gabon - gained independence from France in 1960 through a peaceful process.
21. The Gambia - gained independence from Britain in 1965 through peaceful negotiations.
22. Ghana - gained independence from Britain in 1957 through a peaceful process led by Kwame Nkrumah and the Convention People's Party.
23. Guinea - gained independence from France in 1958 through a referendum organized by President Ahmed Sékou Touré.
24. Guinea-Bissau - gained independence from Portugal in 1973 after a long and bloody guerrilla war led by the PAIGC.
25. Ivory Coast - gained independence from France in 1960 through peaceful negotiations.
26. Kenya - gained independence from Britain in 1963 after a violent struggle led by the Mau Mau rebellion.
27. Lesotho - gained independence from Britain in 1966 through peaceful negotiations.
28. Liberia - Liberia was founded by freed American slaves in the early 19th century and declared independence in 1847.
29. Libya - gained independence from Italy in 1951 after a series of revolts and uprisings.
30. Madagascar - gained independence from France in 1960 through a peaceful process.
31. Malawi - gained independence from Britain in 1964 through peaceful negotiations.
32. Mali - gained independence from France in 1960 through peaceful negotiations.
33. Mauritania - gained independence from France in 1960 through a peaceful process.
34. Mauritius - gained independence from Britain in 1968 through peaceful negotiations.
35. Morocco - gained independence from France and Spain in 1956 after a long struggle led by the Istiqlal Party.
36. Mozambique - gained independence from Portugal in 1975 after a long and brutal war of independence led by FRELIMO.
37. Namibia - gained independence from South Africa in 1990 after a long and brutal struggle led by SWAPO.
38. Niger - gained independence from France in 1960 through peaceful negotiations.
39. Nigeria - gained independence from Britain in 1960 through peaceful negotiations.
40. Rwanda - gained independence from Belgium in 1962 through a negotiated settlement.
41. São Tomé and Príncipe - gained independence from Portugal in 1975 through peaceful negotiations.
42. Senegal - gained independence from France in 1960 through peaceful negotiations.
43. Seychelles - gained independence from Britain in 1976 through peaceful negotiations.
44. Sierra Leone - gained independence from Britain in 1961 through peaceful negotiations.
45. Somalia - gained independence from Italy and Britain in 1960 through peaceful negotiations.
46. South Africa - gained independence from Britain in 1934 and from apartheid rule in 1994 through peaceful negotiations led by Nelson Mandela and the African National Congress.
47. South Sudan - gained independence from Sudan in 2011 after a referendum following years of civil war.
48. Sudan - gained independence from Britain and Egypt in 1956 through peaceful negotiations.
49. Tanzania - gained independence from Britain in 1961 through peaceful negotiations led by Julius Nyerere and the Tanganyika African National Union.
50. Togo - gained independence from France in 1960 through a peaceful process.
51. Tunisia - gained independence from France in 1956 after a series of revolts and uprisings.
52. Uganda - gained independence from Britain in 1962 through peaceful negotiations.
53. Zambia - gained independence from Britain in 1964 through peaceful negotiations led by Kenneth Kaunda and the United National Independence Party.
54. Zimbabwe - gained independence from Britain in 1980 after a long and violent struggle led by Robert Mugabe and ZANU-PF.
2. Angola - gained independence from Portugal in 1975 after a violent struggle led by the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA).
3. Benin - gained independence from France in 1960 through a peaceful negotiation process.
4. Botswana - gained independence from Britain in 1966 through peaceful negotiations.
5. Burkina Faso - gained independence from France in 1960 through a peaceful process.
6. Burundi - gained independence from Belgium in 1962 through negotiations.
7. Cameroon - gained independence from France and Britain in 1960 and 1961, respectively, through peaceful negotiations.
8. Cape Verde - gained independence from Portugal in 1975 through a peaceful process.
9. Central African Republic - gained independence from France in 1960 through peaceful negotiations.
10. Chad - gained independence from France in 1960 through a peaceful process.
11. Comoros - gained independence from France in 1975 through a peaceful process.
12. Congo, Democratic Republic of the - gained independence from Belgium in 1960 through peaceful negotiations.
13. Congo, Republic of the - gained independence from France in 1960 through peaceful negotiations.
14. Djibouti - gained independence from France in 1977 through a peaceful referendum.
15. Egypt - gained independence from Britain in 1952 after a series of revolts and uprisings that culminated in the Egyptian Revolution of 1952.
16. Equatorial Guinea - gained independence from Spain in 1968 after a bloody struggle led by the National Liberation Army of Equatorial Guinea.
17. Eritrea - gained independence from Ethiopia in 1991 after a long and brutal war of independence.
18. Eswatini - gained independence from Britain in 1968 through peaceful negotiations.
19. Ethiopia - Ethiopia has never been colonized and remained independent throughout the colonial period. However, Emperor Haile Selassie's rule effectively ended in 1974 after a revolution led by the Derg military junta.
20. Gabon - gained independence from France in 1960 through a peaceful process.
21. The Gambia - gained independence from Britain in 1965 through peaceful negotiations.
22. Ghana - gained independence from Britain in 1957 through a peaceful process led by Kwame Nkrumah and the Convention People's Party.
23. Guinea - gained independence from France in 1958 through a referendum organized by President Ahmed Sékou Touré.
24. Guinea-Bissau - gained independence from Portugal in 1973 after a long and bloody guerrilla war led by the PAIGC.
25. Ivory Coast - gained independence from France in 1960 through peaceful negotiations.
26. Kenya - gained independence from Britain in 1963 after a violent struggle led by the Mau Mau rebellion.
27. Lesotho - gained independence from Britain in 1966 through peaceful negotiations.
28. Liberia - Liberia was founded by freed American slaves in the early 19th century and declared independence in 1847.
29. Libya - gained independence from Italy in 1951 after a series of revolts and uprisings.
30. Madagascar - gained independence from France in 1960 through a peaceful process.
31. Malawi - gained independence from Britain in 1964 through peaceful negotiations.
32. Mali - gained independence from France in 1960 through peaceful negotiations.
33. Mauritania - gained independence from France in 1960 through a peaceful process.
34. Mauritius - gained independence from Britain in 1968 through peaceful negotiations.
35. Morocco - gained independence from France and Spain in 1956 after a long struggle led by the Istiqlal Party.
36. Mozambique - gained independence from Portugal in 1975 after a long and brutal war of independence led by FRELIMO.
37. Namibia - gained independence from South Africa in 1990 after a long and brutal struggle led by SWAPO.
38. Niger - gained independence from France in 1960 through peaceful negotiations.
39. Nigeria - gained independence from Britain in 1960 through peaceful negotiations.
40. Rwanda - gained independence from Belgium in 1962 through a negotiated settlement.
41. São Tomé and Príncipe - gained independence from Portugal in 1975 through peaceful negotiations.
42. Senegal - gained independence from France in 1960 through peaceful negotiations.
43. Seychelles - gained independence from Britain in 1976 through peaceful negotiations.
44. Sierra Leone - gained independence from Britain in 1961 through peaceful negotiations.
45. Somalia - gained independence from Italy and Britain in 1960 through peaceful negotiations.
46. South Africa - gained independence from Britain in 1934 and from apartheid rule in 1994 through peaceful negotiations led by Nelson Mandela and the African National Congress.
47. South Sudan - gained independence from Sudan in 2011 after a referendum following years of civil war.
48. Sudan - gained independence from Britain and Egypt in 1956 through peaceful negotiations.
49. Tanzania - gained independence from Britain in 1961 through peaceful negotiations led by Julius Nyerere and the Tanganyika African National Union.
50. Togo - gained independence from France in 1960 through a peaceful process.
51. Tunisia - gained independence from France in 1956 after a series of revolts and uprisings.
52. Uganda - gained independence from Britain in 1962 through peaceful negotiations.
53. Zambia - gained independence from Britain in 1964 through peaceful negotiations led by Kenneth Kaunda and the United National Independence Party.
54. Zimbabwe - gained independence from Britain in 1980 after a long and violent struggle led by Robert Mugabe and ZANU-PF.