Using arguments from the Modernisation theorists and those from Dependency theorists,

Question

give a critical analysis of South Africa’s development story since 1994. Focus on the factors
that enabled the likes of Tintswalo to thrive while millions of others failed to realise similar
successes and what can be done to ensure that more citizens benefit from development
opportunities in democratic South Africa [100 marks].
Include what has SA done right since 1994 that has enabled it to help people like Tintswalo according to Dependency theory

Answer 1

Modernisation theorists would argue that South Africa has made significant progress in terms of economic development and modernisation since the end of apartheid in 1994. The country has experienced steady economic growth, improved infrastructure, increased access to education and healthcare, and a growing middle class. This has created opportunities for individuals like Tintswalo to succeed and thrive in the new democratic South Africa.

Dependency theorists, on the other hand, would argue that the development story of South Africa since 1994 has been characterized by continued patterns of inequality, poverty, and dependence on external actors. They would argue that the success of individuals like Tintswalo is an exception rather than the rule, and that millions of South Africans continue to live in poverty and marginalization.

Factors that have enabled individuals like Tintswalo to thrive include access to education, entrepreneurship opportunities, and a supportive business environment. Tintswalo was able to take advantage of these factors to start and grow her own business. However, many others in South Africa do not have access to these opportunities due to factors such as lack of access to quality education, limited access to finance, and structural inequalities.

To ensure that more citizens benefit from development opportunities in democratic South Africa, the government needs to address the root causes of inequality and poverty. This includes investing in education and skills development, creating a more inclusive economy, and addressing structural barriers to entrepreneurship. Additionally, policies should be implemented to support small and medium-sized enterprises, promote job creation, and reduce income inequality.

According to Dependency theory, South Africa has done well since 1994 in terms of addressing some of the structural barriers to development, such as apartheid-era policies that marginalized the majority of the population. The government has implemented social programs, such as social grants and housing subsidies, to alleviate poverty and reduce inequality. Additionally, the government has implemented policies to promote black economic empowerment and inclusive growth.

Overall, South Africa has made progress since 1994 in terms of economic and social development, but there is still much work to be done to ensure that all citizens have the opportunity to succeed and thrive. By addressing the root causes of inequality and poverty, and implementing policies to promote inclusive growth, the government can help more individuals like Tintswalo realize similar successes and contribute to the overall development of the country.