A rock's surface texture influences how quickly water physically weathers it because a rough surface gives water more surface area to interact with, hastening the weathering process. However, a smooth surface slows down weathering since it has less surface area for water to work on. Furthermore, fissures or cracks on the rock's surface can hasten weathering by allowing water to seep deeper into the material and make it more brittle. All things considered, a rock's surface texture has a big impact on how quickly it weathers when exposed to water.

In addition to texture, the mineral composition of the rock also plays a significant role in its susceptibility to weathering. Rocks with softer minerals like calcite or feldspar are more easily weathered than rocks with harder minerals like quartz or diamond. This is because softer minerals are more easily broken down by the physical and chemical processes of weathering.

Chemical weathering can also be influenced by the composition of the rock. For example, limestone is more prone to chemical weathering through processes like carbonation, where carbon dioxide in the atmosphere dissolves in water to form carbonic acid, which can dissolve calcium carbonate in limestone. On the other hand, granite, which is composed of more resistant minerals like quartz and feldspar, is less prone to chemical weathering.

In conclusion, both the surface texture and mineral composition of a rock play crucial roles in determining how quickly it weathers when exposed to water. Rocks with rough textures and softer minerals are more susceptible to weathering, while rocks with smooth textures and harder minerals are more resistant. By understanding these factors, geologists can better predict how different types of rocks will weather over time.