1. The Earth's crust and mantle have more volatile elements (such as Na and K) compared to the Moon, suggesting the Moon experienced greater depletion of these elements during its formation.
2. The Moon has higher abundances of refractory elements (such as Ca, Mg, and Ti) than the Earth, indicating it retained more high-melting-point elements that are less susceptible to volatilization.
3. The Moon has a higher Si/Fe ratio, implying a more silica-rich composition likely due to the preferential loss of iron-rich materials during its formation.
4. The Earth has a larger and more iron-rich core compared to the Moon, suggesting that the Moon's core is smaller and less dense with a lower iron content.