The difference between mass and weight is that mass is the amount of matter in an object, while weight is the force exerted on an object due to gravity. Mass is measured in kilograms, while weight is measured in Newtons.
A person can jump higher on the moon than on Earth because the gravity on the moon is weaker than on Earth, so the person's body weight is less and it is easier for them to overcome gravity and jump higher.
The textbook feels heavier than the pencil because it has more mass. Weight is directly proportional to an object's mass, so the heavier the object, the more force gravity exerts on it.
Gravitational attraction is the force of attraction between all objects with mass. The larger the mass of an object, the stronger its gravitational pull.
The relationship between the mass of two objects and their gravitational attraction toward each other is that the force of gravity between the objects is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
A flat sheet of paper has more air resistance than a paper airplane because the flat sheet has a larger surface area exposed to the air, resulting in more air resistance.
On a planet without air, both the hammer and the feather will fall at the same rate and hit the ground at the same time. This is due to the absence of air resistance, which affects how quickly objects fall on Earth.
Astronauts appear to bounce when walking on the moon because the moon's gravity is much weaker than Earth's, so their weight is less and they can exert more force with each step, causing them to bounce.
Skydivers who are below a formation can join the group by adjusting their body position and using their arms and legs to control their speed and direction. By maneuvering their bodies, they can change their relative position and altitude to join the formation.
The force that acts on falling objects to oppose gravity is air resistance.
Gravity pulls a falling object downwards, while air resistance acts in the opposite direction, slowing down the object's fall. The two forces together determine the speed and trajectory of the falling object.