Question

describe the way molecules move when the molecules are solid?

Answer 1

When molecules are in the solid state, they have a fixed position and vibrate about their equilibrium positions. These molecules are tightly packed and have strong intermolecular forces, which keep them close together and restrict their motion. The movement of the molecules in solids is primarily in the form of vibrations, where the molecules oscillate back and forth around their average positions. The amplitude of these vibrations is very small, as they are constrained by the surrounding molecules. This limited mobility is responsible for the characteristic rigidity of solids.