Question

the process by which food is broken down into simpler substances by the body.

Answer 1

The process by which food is broken down into simpler substances by the body is called digestion. Digestion involves both mechanical and chemical processes that convert the complex molecules in food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed by the body. It begins with chewing and mixing food with saliva in the mouth, where mechanical breakdown of food occurs. Then, the food travels down the esophagus into the stomach, where further mechanical mixing and chemical breakdown with stomach acid takes place. From the stomach, partially digested food enters the small intestine, where enzymes break down proteins, carbohydrates, and fats into smaller molecules. These molecules are then absorbed into the bloodstream through the lining of the small intestine. The remaining undigested waste proceeds to the large intestine, resulting in the formation of feces, which is eventually eliminated from the body.