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To find the U.S. GDP in 1985, we need to divide the GDP in 2005 by the growth factor of 3.
GDP in 1985 = GDP in 2005 / Growth factor
GDP in 1985 = 1.2 x 10^13 dollars / 3
Using scientific notation, we can rewrite the GDP in 2005 as 1.2 x 10^13 dollars.
GDP in 1985 = (1.2 x 10^13 dollars) / 3
GDP in 1985 ≈ 0.4 x 10^13 dollars
In standard notation, the U.S. GDP in 1985 was approximately 4 x 10^12 dollars.