Ancient Sparta and Athens differed in their forms of government, social structure, and emphasis on military and education.
- Government: Sparta had a dual monarchy, with two kings ruling together, and a council of elders known as the Gerousia. Athens, on the other hand, had a democratic government where decisions were made by a large assembly of male citizens.
- Social structure: Sparta had a rigid social structure with its citizens categorized into three classes: Spartiates (full citizens), Perioikoi (free non-citizens), and Helots (slaves). Athens had a more fluid social structure with citizens divided into four classes based on wealth, and a large population of metics (foreign-born residents) and slaves.
- Military and Education: Sparta placed great emphasis on military training and prowess, with its citizens being trained as soldiers from a young age. Education in Sparta focused on physical fitness, discipline, and military skills. Athens, on the other hand, had a strong naval force and focused on the education of the mind. Athenians valued intellectual and artistic pursuits, including philosophy, literature, and theatre.
Overall, Sparta was more militaristic, rigidly structured, and focused on a collective military identity, while Athens was more democratic, open to intellectual pursuits, and focused on individual citizens' rights and education.
How did ancient Sparta differ from Athens? (1 point)
1 answer