Question

Adipose connective tissue is a type of loose connective tissue. It is found along with areolar connective tissue. When you examine this tissue, you will see large adipocytes (fat cells). Most of the organelles of the cell have been pushed to the periphery by a large fat droplet. During the preparation of this slide, the tissue was passed through solvents that dissolved away the fat. You are observing the absences of fat. Name some specific places in your body where adipose tissue is found.

What are several functions of this tissue?

Answer 1

Adipose tissue is found in various parts of the body, including:

1. Underneath the skin (subcutaneous adipose tissue)
2. Around internal organs such as the heart, kidneys, and liver (visceral adipose tissue)
3. Within bone marrow
4. In the breasts
5. In the abdominal cavity (omentum and mesentery)
6. Between muscles (intramuscular adipose tissue)

Functions of adipose tissue include:

1. Energy storage: Adipose tissue stores excess energy in the form of triglycerides. It acts as a reservoir for long-term energy storage and can release fatty acids when needed.
2. Insulation: Adipose tissue helps in regulating body temperature by providing insulation and reducing heat loss.
3. Cushioning and protection: It cushions and protects internal organs, providing them with a protective layer against impact and shock.
4. Endocrine function: Adipose tissue releases hormones called adipokines, which play a role in regulating metabolism, inflammation, appetite, and insulin sensitivity.
5. Source of stem cells: Adipose tissue contains a type of stem cell called adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) that can differentiate into various cell types, including bone, cartilage, and muscle cells.
6. Hormone storage: Adipose tissue can store certain hormones, such as estrogen, which is important for reproductive function in both males and females.
7. Heat production: Brown adipose tissue, a specialized type of adipose tissue, generates heat via uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1), which helps in maintaining body temperature in cold environments.