How did Americans disagree over the role of federal and state governments before and during the Civil war?

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Before the Civil War, Americans disagreed over the extent of power and authority that should be granted to the federal government versus the states. Some believed in a strong federal government, while others advocated for states' rights and more limited federal intervention. This disagreement intensified during the Civil War as the conflict became a battle over the preservation of the Union and the power balance between the federal government and the states.