Question

In 3–5 sentences, analyze how overextension and fragmentation caused the collapse of the Mongol Empire.

Answer 1

Overextension played a significant role in the collapse of the Mongol Empire as they had conquered vast territories that were difficult to govern effectively. The Mongols struggled to control such a massive empire and maintain stability, leading to rebellions and uprisings. Additionally, the distance between the Mongol rulers and their conquered territories made it challenging to exert control and enforce their authority.

Fragmentation also contributed to the empire's collapse as power struggles emerged within the Mongol ruling family. Following the death of Genghis Khan, conflicts arose among his successors over succession and rule. This internal strife weakened the empire, and different factions and regions started breaking away, further fragmenting the Mongol Empire.

Furthermore, the lack of a centralized bureaucracy and efficient administration was another factor that led to the collapse. The Mongols primarily relied on local administrators and often allowed conquered regions to maintain their own systems of governance. As a result, this decentralized structure made it difficult to maintain control and unity, leading to dissension and eventual disintegration of the empire.