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The probability of picking a picture that includes a dog is equal to the number of pictures with a dog divided by the total number of pictures.
Number of pictures with a dog = 16
Total number of pictures = 40
Probability = (Number of pictures with a dog) / (Total number of pictures)
Probability = 16 / 40
Probability = 0.4
Therefore, the probability that Ella will pick a picture that includes a dog is 0.4.
C) 0.4