is No parental involvement in development sexual reproduction or asexual reproduction?

Answer 1

No parental involvement is typically associated with asexual reproduction. In asexual reproduction, offspring are produced without the need for gametes (sex cells) from two parents. Instead, a single parent organism can produce genetically identical offspring through processes such as binary fission, budding, fragmentation, or parthenogenesis. These methods do not involve the fusion of gametes or the contribution of genetic material from two parents, hence, no parental involvement is required.