- North Africa: The Umayyad Caliphate expanded Islam across North Africa, including present-day Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya.
- Spain: The Umayyad Caliphate also conquered the Iberian Peninsula, establishing Al-Andalus and spreading Islam in regions that are now Spain and Portugal.
- Central Asia: The Abbasid Caliphate extended its rule to parts of Central Asia, including present-day Iran, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and parts of Afghanistan.
- Indian Subcontinent: Muslim traders and armies from the Islamic Empires brought Islam to the Indian subcontinent. The Delhi Sultanate, established by Turks in northern India, further disseminated Islam.
- Southeast Asia: Islamic traders and scholars spread Islam to Southeast Asia, including present-day Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, and the Philippines.
- Sub-Saharan Africa: Islamic Empires, such as the Umayyad Caliphate and later empires like the Mali Empire and the Songhai Empire, played a significant role in spreading Islam to Sub-Saharan Africa, including regions such as present-day Mali, Senegal, Guinea, Niger, and Nigeria.
- Persia and the Persian Gulf: The Arab Conquests and subsequent Islamic Empires spread Islam to regions that are now Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates.
- Eastern Europe: The Ottoman Empire, a later Islamic Empire, expanded into the Balkans, including present-day countries like Greece, Bulgaria, North Macedonia, Serbia, and Romania, spreading Islam in those regions.
The expansion of early Islamic Empires spread Islam to many places across the globe, such as
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