Question
Difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells
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GPT 3.5
Eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells are the two main types of cells found in living organisms. Here are the main differences between them:
1. Structure: Eukaryotic cells are more complex and larger than prokaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles such as a nucleus, mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, and endoplasmic reticulum, while prokaryotic cells lack these membrane-bound organelles.
2. Nucleus: Eukaryotic cells have a true nucleus, which houses the DNA. Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus; instead, their DNA is found in a region called the nucleoid, which is not enclosed by a membrane.
3. DNA: Eukaryotic cells have linear DNA molecules organized into multiple, separate chromosomes, while prokaryotic cells have a single, circular DNA molecule.
4. Size and complexity: Eukaryotic cells are generally larger, ranging from 10 to 100 micrometers in size, while prokaryotic cells are usually smaller, ranging from 1 to 10 micrometers in size. Eukaryotic cells are also more complex in terms of cellular processes and functions.
5. Cell division: Eukaryotic cells undergo mitosis or meiosis for cell division, while prokaryotic cells divide through a process called binary fission.
6. Reproduction: Eukaryotic cells can reproduce asexually or sexually, while prokaryotic cells reproduce only asexually through binary fission.
7. Evolutionary history: Eukaryotic cells are believed to have evolved from prokaryotic cells through a process called endosymbiosis, where prokaryotic cells engulfed other prokaryotic cells and formed a symbiotic relationship.
These differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells contribute to the different functions and characteristics observed in organisms with each type of cell.
1. Structure: Eukaryotic cells are more complex and larger than prokaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles such as a nucleus, mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, and endoplasmic reticulum, while prokaryotic cells lack these membrane-bound organelles.
2. Nucleus: Eukaryotic cells have a true nucleus, which houses the DNA. Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus; instead, their DNA is found in a region called the nucleoid, which is not enclosed by a membrane.
3. DNA: Eukaryotic cells have linear DNA molecules organized into multiple, separate chromosomes, while prokaryotic cells have a single, circular DNA molecule.
4. Size and complexity: Eukaryotic cells are generally larger, ranging from 10 to 100 micrometers in size, while prokaryotic cells are usually smaller, ranging from 1 to 10 micrometers in size. Eukaryotic cells are also more complex in terms of cellular processes and functions.
5. Cell division: Eukaryotic cells undergo mitosis or meiosis for cell division, while prokaryotic cells divide through a process called binary fission.
6. Reproduction: Eukaryotic cells can reproduce asexually or sexually, while prokaryotic cells reproduce only asexually through binary fission.
7. Evolutionary history: Eukaryotic cells are believed to have evolved from prokaryotic cells through a process called endosymbiosis, where prokaryotic cells engulfed other prokaryotic cells and formed a symbiotic relationship.
These differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells contribute to the different functions and characteristics observed in organisms with each type of cell.
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