1. Leadership: This element focuses on the commitment and involvement of top management in creating a culture of quality throughout the organization.
2. Strategic planning: This element involves setting long-term quality goals and objectives, as well as developing a plan to achieve them.
3. Customer focus: This element emphasizes the importance of understanding and meeting customer requirements and expectations.
4. Process management: This element focuses on ensuring that all processes within the organization are properly managed and continuously improved to maximize efficiency and quality.
5. Employee involvement: This element involves engaging and empowering employees at all levels of the organization to contribute to quality improvement efforts.
6. Continuous improvement: This element emphasizes the need for ongoing efforts to improve processes, products, and services to enhance quality and customer satisfaction.
7. Supplier partnerships: This element highlights the importance of developing mutually beneficial relationships with suppliers to ensure the quality of inputs and achieve overall organizational goals.
8. Performance measurement: This element involves the use of data and metrics to track and evaluate performance against quality goals and identify areas for improvement.
TQM comprises eight key elements which can be further divided according to functions ,namely ;
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