The two main categories of computer software are system software and application software.
1. System software:
System software comprises programs that operate and maintain the functionality of a computer system. This software serves as a bridge between the hardware and applications and provides a platform for running other software. Examples of system software include operating systems (such as Windows, macOS, and Linux), device drivers, system utilities, and firmware.
To determine the system software on a computer:
- On Windows: Go to "Control Panel" > "Programs" or "Programs and Features" to view a list of installed system software.
- On macOS: Click the Apple menu > "About This Mac" > "System Report," and under the software section, you can find system software details.
- On Linux: System software can vary depending on the distribution. You can use the package manager (e.g., apt, yum, pacman) to see a list of installed software.
2. Application software:
Application software refers to programs designed for specific purposes and tasks. These software applications are created to solve particular problems or fulfill particular user needs. Examples of application software include word processors, web browsers, media players, graphic design software, and games.
To identify application software on a computer:
- On Windows: Check the "Start" menu, desktop icons, or the "Programs" or "Program Files" folder to locate installed applications.
- On macOS: Applications are typically stored in the "Applications" folder. You can also use the "Launchpad" to browse and open installed applications.
- On Linux: Application software can be installed from repositories using package managers. You can also locate installed programs in the "Applications" menu or the system's file manager.
By categorizing software into system and application software, it becomes easier to classify and understand the different types of programs that exist in the computer ecosystem.