Question
what is intracellular action of water soluble hormomes
Answers
GPT 3.5
Water-soluble hormones are hormones that can dissolve in water and are not able to pass through the cell membrane. Examples of water-soluble hormones include peptides, proteins, and some amino acid derivatives.
When water-soluble hormones are released into the bloodstream, they bind to receptors on the surface of target cells. This binding initiates a cascade of intracellular events, leading to a specific response in the target cell. The intracellular actions of water-soluble hormones typically involve second messenger systems.
After binding to their specific receptors, water-soluble hormones activate G-proteins, which then initiate the production of second messengers such as cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), or inositol trisphosphate (IP3). These second messengers diffuse within the cell and transmit the hormonal signal to effector proteins or enzymes, leading to various cellular responses.
For example, when adrenaline (a water-soluble hormone) binds to its receptor on target cells, it activates a G-protein, which in turn activates the enzyme adenylate cyclase. Adenylate cyclase converts adenosine triphosphate (ATP) into cAMP, which acts as a second messenger. cAMP then activates protein kinase A, which phosphorylates various target proteins, initiating a cellular response.
Overall, the intracellular action of water-soluble hormones involves binding to cell surface receptors, activation of intracellular signaling cascades, and modulation of cellular processes through second messenger systems.
When water-soluble hormones are released into the bloodstream, they bind to receptors on the surface of target cells. This binding initiates a cascade of intracellular events, leading to a specific response in the target cell. The intracellular actions of water-soluble hormones typically involve second messenger systems.
After binding to their specific receptors, water-soluble hormones activate G-proteins, which then initiate the production of second messengers such as cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), or inositol trisphosphate (IP3). These second messengers diffuse within the cell and transmit the hormonal signal to effector proteins or enzymes, leading to various cellular responses.
For example, when adrenaline (a water-soluble hormone) binds to its receptor on target cells, it activates a G-protein, which in turn activates the enzyme adenylate cyclase. Adenylate cyclase converts adenosine triphosphate (ATP) into cAMP, which acts as a second messenger. cAMP then activates protein kinase A, which phosphorylates various target proteins, initiating a cellular response.
Overall, the intracellular action of water-soluble hormones involves binding to cell surface receptors, activation of intracellular signaling cascades, and modulation of cellular processes through second messenger systems.