Father Miguel Hidalgo’s efforts to bring about Mexican independence can be described as follows:
1. He inspired a group of insurgents to take action against the Spanish government.
In the early 19th century, Hidalgo, a Catholic priest, rallied the support of indigenous and mestizo peasants in Mexico to rise up against Spanish rule. He preached about the need for liberty, equality, and an end to oppression, which motivated the lower classes to join the cause and fight for their independence.
2. He staged a peaceful protest in Guanajuato to promote his cause.
On September 16, 1810, Hidalgo led a peaceful protest in the town of Dolores, which later turned into a call for armed rebellion. While this initial event was a nonviolent protest, Hidalgo's intention was to unite Mexicans against Spanish colonial rule, ultimately leading to armed uprisings throughout the country.
3. He sailed to Spain to convince the government there that Mexico needed to be independent.
Contrary to this option, Hidalgo did not sail to Spain to directly plead Mexican independence to the Spanish government. His focus was on revolting against Spanish rule in Mexico itself, not seeking diplomacy or negotiation with Spain.
4. He declared himself king of Mexico.
Hidalgo did not declare himself king of Mexico. His goal was to achieve Mexican independence, not establish a new monarchy. He fought for the principles of freedom and equality, aiming to overthrow Spanish colonial rule and establish a republican form of government in Mexico.
In summary, the best description of Father Miguel Hidalgo’s efforts to bring about Mexican independence is that he inspired a group of insurgents to take action against the Spanish government.