Human cells undergo mitosis for several reasons, with the simplest form being cell division and the growth of new cells.
Mitosis is a fundamental process in which a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells. This division ensures the maintenance and growth of tissues and organs in the human body. It allows an organism to replace damaged, aged, or dying cells, as well as to support growth during development.
In simple terms, mitosis occurs in a series of steps:
1. Interphase: The cell prepares for division by replicating its DNA and organelles.
2. Prophase: The chromatin condenses into chromosomes, and the nuclear envelope begins to break down.
3. Metaphase: The chromosomes align at the center of the cell called the metaphase plate.
4. Anaphase: The sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell.
5. Telophase: A new nuclear envelope forms around the separated chromosomes, and the cell elongates.
6. Cytokinesis: The cytoplasm divides, and two daughter cells are formed.
This process allows for the distribution of genetic material between daughter cells, ensuring that each new cell receives the correct number of chromosomes. It also allows for the equal distribution of cellular components, such as organelles, ensuring that each daughter cell has the necessary components to function.
By undergoing mitosis, human cells can maintain and repair tissues, promote growth, and continuously replenish and replace damaged or dying cells. This process is essential for the healthy functioning and growth of the human body.
Explain why human cells undergo mitosis is simplest form.
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