Summarize why Judith Herrin believes the fall of Constantinople was a turning point for Western history.(1 point)

Judith Herrin believes that the fall of Constantinople was a turning point for Western history because scholars fled with knowledge that sparked the Renaissance in Europe.

Judith Herrin believes that the fall of Constantinople was a turning point for Western history because scholars fled with knowledge that sparked the Renaissance in Europe, it led to the voyages of discovery by Columbus because trade was blocked, and it meant that cannons would not work for sieges in the future. However, it did not mark the beginning of the Third Rome in Europe.

Judith Herrin believes that the fall of Constantinople was a turning point for Western history due to several reasons. One of the main reasons is that scholars fled from Constantinople with their knowledge, which played a crucial role in sparking the Renaissance in Europe. The influx of Greek scholars and their manuscripts helped revive interest in literature, philosophy, arts, and sciences, thus triggering a period of significant cultural and intellectual growth.

Another reason is that the fall of Constantinople and the subsequent blockade of trade routes by the Ottoman Empire prompted European explorers like Christopher Columbus to search for new trade routes. This led to the voyages of discovery, which ultimately ushered in the Age of Exploration and expanded European influence across the globe.

Furthermore, the fall of Constantinople meant that traditional methods of siege warfare, such as using cannons, would not be as effective in the future. The Ottoman Empire's successful utilization of new fortification techniques demonstrated a shift in military strategies, prompting European powers to develop and adopt similar innovations.

Lastly, while the fall of Constantinople ended the Byzantine Empire, it also marked the beginning of the idea of the "Third Rome" in Europe. Many Eastern Orthodox Christians regarded Constantinople as the new Rome after the fall of the Western Roman Empire. With the fall of Constantinople, Moscow emerged as a significant center for the Eastern Orthodox Church, claiming the mantle of the "Third Rome" and becoming the spiritual and political successor to both Rome and Byzantium.

In summary, according to Judith Herrin, the fall of Constantinople was a turning point for Western history due to the fleeing scholars and their contribution to the Renaissance, the impetus it provided for European exploration, the changes it brought to military strategies, and the concept of the "Third Rome" that emerged in its aftermath.