1. Checks and balances refers to a system in which different branches of government have powers that limit and control the actions of one another to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful.
2. Checks and balances are crucial in our constitution to prevent abuse of power, ensure accountability, uphold democratic principles, and protect individual rights. It ensures that no single branch can dominate or act unchecked, maintaining a balance of power and fostering a more effective and just government.