Question
Explain Hypogeal germination
Answers
GPT 3.5
Hypogeal germination is a type of seed germination where the cotyledons (embryonic leaves) of the seed remain below the surface of the soil. In this process, the epicotyl (embryonic shoot) elongates and pushes the plumule (stem) upwards, while the cotyledons remain buried in the soil.
During hypogeal germination, the cotyledons do not emerge and do not perform photosynthesis. They mainly serve as food storage for the seedling. The cotyledons remain in the seed coat or in an underground storage organ as the shoot grows above ground.
Once the shoot reaches the surface, the cotyledons may still stay hidden in the soil or be pushed further up, depending on the species. The first true leaves that develop after germination are those of the young plant, which are different from the cotyledons.
Hypogeal germination is characteristic of many plant families, including legumes (beans, peas), melons, gourds, and some grasses. It is an adaptation to environments with limited light or disturbed soils, as it allows the seedling to stay protected below ground during the early stages of growth.
During hypogeal germination, the cotyledons do not emerge and do not perform photosynthesis. They mainly serve as food storage for the seedling. The cotyledons remain in the seed coat or in an underground storage organ as the shoot grows above ground.
Once the shoot reaches the surface, the cotyledons may still stay hidden in the soil or be pushed further up, depending on the species. The first true leaves that develop after germination are those of the young plant, which are different from the cotyledons.
Hypogeal germination is characteristic of many plant families, including legumes (beans, peas), melons, gourds, and some grasses. It is an adaptation to environments with limited light or disturbed soils, as it allows the seedling to stay protected below ground during the early stages of growth.