To answer these questions and understand the reasoning behind each answer, we can analyze the information provided in the question and apply some basic knowledge about the topic. Let's go through each question step by step:
1. Identify which factor supported both Axum and the Swahili city-states in trading with other nations.
To answer this question, we need to consider what factors are necessary for successful trading with other nations. In this case, location is the key factor that supported both Axum and the Swahili city-states in trading with other nations. Both Axum and the Swahili city-states were located in favorable positions along major trade routes, which allowed them to have easy access to both maritime and land routes for trade.
2. What can we infer happened to the Axum Empire after 1100 CE?
To answer this question, we need to consider the timeline of events and any historical context we have about the Axum Empire. Based on the given options, the best inference is that the Axum Empire lost influence as the Swahili city-states gained prominence. This is a reasonable inference as the Swahili city-states became major players in Indian Ocean trade during this time period while the influence of Axum diminished.
3. Describe a major factor in the longevity of the Swahili city-states’ influence.
To answer this question, we need to identify the factor that contributed to the Swahili city-states' influence lasting for a long time. Out of the given options, the best choice is the trade network that connected the city-states to other powers in the Indian Ocean. This trade network allowed the Swahili city-states to engage in extensive trade and establish economic alliances, which helped in maintaining their influence over a prolonged period.
4. Which statement best describes how physical geography contributed to the decline of West African empires?
To answer this question, we need to consider how physical geography could have impacted the West African empires. Based on the given options, the best choice is that periods of drought led to declines in food production and increased migration of people seeking better conditions. This scenario is plausible as drought can disrupt agricultural productivity, leading to food shortages, and consequent migration of people to regions with better resources.
5. Explain the significance of Timbuktu in West Africa.
To answer this question, we need to understand the historical significance of Timbuktu in West Africa. Out of the given options, the best choice is that Timbuktu was a center for learning similar to the institutions that preceded universities in Europe. This is accurate as Timbuktu became renowned as a major center of Islamic learning during the medieval period, attracting scholars from across Africa and the Islamic world.
By analyzing the information provided and applying some basic knowledge about the topic, we can arrive at the correct answers to these questions.