what does Enlightenment mean?

Answer 1

Enlightenment refers to a philosophical movement that emerged in the 18th century in Europe, mainly in countries like France, England, and Scotland. It emphasized the importance of reason, logic, and scientific thinking, and rejected traditional authority and religious dogma.

Enlightenment thinkers believed that through the use of reason and critical thinking, humans could improve society and achieve a more just and rational world. They sought to challenge superstition, ignorance, and irrationality, promoting ideas such as freedom, equality, and individual rights.

The Enlightenment was influenced by the scientific revolution, which had led to significant advancements in fields such as physics, astronomy, and biology. This scientific progress inspired intellectuals to apply similar principles of reason and evidence to human society and government.

Notable Enlightenment thinkers include philosophers like John Locke, Voltaire, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and Immanuel Kant, who explored themes such as political theory, ethics, and social sciences. The Enlightenment had a profound impact on various aspects of society, including politics, education, and the arts, and laid the foundation for modern democratic societies.