Duma system in Russia

The Duma system in Russia refers to the parliamentary structure of the country, which includes the State Duma and the Federation Council.

The State Duma is the lower house of the Federal Assembly, the national legislature of Russia. It consists of 450 deputies who are elected for a term of five years. The State Duma has the power to pass laws, approve the budget, ratify international treaties, and exercise control over the executive branch.

The Federation Council, on the other hand, is the upper house of the Federal Assembly. It is composed of representatives from each of the 85 federal subjects of Russia. The Federation Council has the power to approve or reject legislation passed by the State Duma, as well as to initiate amendments to the constitution, appoint judges, and impeach the president.

The Duma system was established in 1905 as a result of the Russian Revolution of 1905, which led to the creation of a constitutional monarchy in Russia. However, the power of the Duma was limited during the rule of the tsars, and it was dissolved multiple times. After the Russian Revolution of 1917, the Duma was replaced by the Supreme Soviet, a structure that was transformed into the current Duma system after the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.

Today, the Duma system plays a crucial role in the governance of Russia. It serves as a platform for political parties to debate and propose legislation and ensures a balance of power between the legislative and executive branches of government. However, critics argue that the Duma system is not truly representative due to the dominance of the ruling United Russia party and limited opposition influence.

In one sentence

The Duma system in Russia is the parliamentary structure consisting of the State Duma and the Federation Council, which play key roles in the legislative process and governance of the country.