Latitude is a major line of geography that refers to the distance north or south of the equator. The equator itself is the line of latitude that is located at 0 degrees and divides the Earth into the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere.
The Tropic of Cancer is a line of latitude located at 23.5 degrees north of the equator. It is the furthest point north where the sun can appear directly overhead at noon, and marks the beginning of the summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere.
The Tropic of Capricorn is a line of latitude located at 23.5 degrees south of the equator. It is the furthest point south where the sun can appear directly overhead at noon, and marks the beginning of the summer solstice in the Southern Hemisphere.
Longitude, on the other hand, is a major line of geography that refers to the distance east or west of the Prime Meridian. The Prime Meridian is the line of longitude that is located at 0 degrees and passes through Greenwich, England. It divides the Earth into the Eastern Hemisphere and the Western Hemisphere.
The 5 Themes of Geography are a framework used to study and understand the Earth's features and processes. They include:
1. Location: This theme focuses on where something is located and can be described in absolute or relative terms. Absolute location uses latitude and longitude coordinates to pinpoint a specific spot, while relative location describes a place's position in relation to other places.
2. Place: This theme refers to the physical and human characteristics of a location. It includes both natural features, such as landforms and climate, as well as human features, such as language and culture.
3. Region: This theme refers to areas that have common characteristics and can be defined by physical, cultural, political, or economic factors. Regions can be formal (based on official boundaries), functional (based on a specific purpose or activity), or perceptual (based on people's perceptions or feelings).
4. Movement: This theme focuses on the movement of people, goods, and ideas across the Earth's surface. It considers the reasons for movement, such as migration or trade, as well as the means of transportation and communication.
5. Human-environment interaction: This theme explores the ways in which humans interact with and impact the natural environment. It considers how humans modify, adapt to, and depend on the environment, as well as the consequences of these interactions.
Latitude (and major lines)
Equator
Tropic of Cancer
Tropic of Capricorn
Longitude (and major lines)
Prime Meridian
5 Themes of Geography:
Location
Place
Region
Movement
Human Environment & Interaction
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