The most accurate explanation of Portugal's ability to become Europe's first maritime empire lies in their strategic geographic location, innovative navigation techniques, and strong support from the Portuguese monarchy.
Firstly, Portugal's location in southwestern Europe positioned it favorably to explore the Atlantic Ocean and develop trade routes with Africa and Asia. Its proximity to the African continent allowed Portuguese explorers, such as Prince Henry the Navigator, to conduct trade, establish settlements, and gather valuable information about the coastal regions.
Secondly, Portuguese sailors and cartographers played a pivotal role in developing advanced navigation techniques that were crucial for long-distance sea travel. The mastery of methods like the astrolabe and the caravel, an agile and sturdy ship design, gave them a technological advantage over other European nations. This expertise enabled them to venture further into the unknown parts of the world and discover new trade routes.
Lastly, the support and encouragement from the Portuguese monarchy greatly contributed to their maritime success. King John I and his successors actively sponsored expeditions, founded navigation schools, and provided financial support to explorers. They also granted monopolies on trade to specific expedition sponsors, which incentivized further exploration and colonization.
These three factors - geographical advantage, navigational innovations, and strong royal support - combined to give Portugal a pioneering edge in maritime exploration. Consequently, they established a vast empire that reached from Brazil to India, encompassing territories in Africa, Asia, and the Americas, becoming Europe's first maritime empire.
Which explanation of Portugal’s ability to become Europe’s first maritime empire is most accurate?
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