What is hypothesis testing?
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Hypothesis testing is a statistical method used to determine whether a statement about a population parameter is likely to be true or not. It involves formulating a null hypothesis (a statement of no effect or no difference between groups) and an alternative hypothesis (a statement that there is an effect or difference between groups) and using data to either accept or reject the null hypothesis. The process typically involves selecting a significance level, calculating a test statistic, and comparing it to a critical value or p-value. The results of hypothesis testing can provide evidence for or against a theory or hypothesis about a population.