A battery of em.f 12v and internal resistance r =1.5ohms is connected to an external resistance of 3ohm calculate the terminal voltage of the battery

Answer 1

To calculate the terminal voltage of the battery, we can use the formula:

V_terminal = V_emf - I*R_internal

where V_emf is the emf of the battery, I is the current flowing through the circuit, and R_internal is the internal resistance of the battery.

First, we need to calculate the current flowing through the circuit. Using Ohm's law:

I = V_external / R_total

where V_external is the voltage across the external resistor and R_total is the total resistance of the circuit, which is the sum of the external resistance and the internal resistance:

R_total = R_external + R_internal = 3 ohm + 1.5 ohm = 4.5 ohm

So, I = V_external / R_total = 12V / 4.5 ohm = 2.67 A

Now, we can calculate the terminal voltage using the formula:

V_terminal = V_emf - I*R_internal

V_terminal = 12V - 2.67 A * 1.5 ohm = 7.995 V

Therefore, the terminal voltage of the battery is 7.995 V.