There are several differences between the transcription of RNA polymerase in eukaryotes and prokaryotes:
1. RNA polymerase in prokaryotes consists of a core enzyme composed of five subunits, while eukaryotic RNA polymerase consists of three distinct enzymes (RNA polymerase I, II, and III) composed of up to 16 subunits.
2. Eukaryotic RNA polymerases require more transcription factors for initiation compared to prokaryotic RNA polymerase.
3. In eukaryotes, RNA polymerase II transcribes protein-coding genes, while RNA polymerase I transcribes ribosomal RNA genes and RNA polymerase III transcribes transfer RNA and some other small RNA genes. In contrast, prokaryotic RNA polymerase transcribes all types of genes.
4. Eukaryotic transcription is more complex due to splicing, the addition of a 5' cap and a 3' poly-A tail, and chromatin remodeling. Prokaryotic transcription is simpler and does not involve these processes.
5. Eukaryotic genes have introns, while prokaryotic genes do not.
6. Eukaryotic transcription requires RNA processing, which occurs in the nucleus. Prokaryotic transcription and translation occur simultaneously in the cytoplasm.
what is the difference between transcription of rna polymerase in eukaryotes ans prokaryotes
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