RNA polymerase is an enzyme that carries out the transcription process, in which DNA is used as a template to produce RNA. The process of RNA polymerase can be described as follows:
1. Activation: RNA polymerase binds to the DNA molecule at the promoter region, which is located at the start of the gene sequence.
2. Initiation: RNA polymerase unwinds the DNA molecule and synthesizes a short RNA sequence of about 10 nucleotides. This sequence is called the "initiation complex."
3. Elongation: RNA polymerase moves down the DNA molecule, synthesizing RNA strands as it goes. It reads the DNA sequence and adds complementary RNA nucleotides to the new RNA strand.
4. Termination: When RNA polymerase reaches the end of the gene sequence, it stops transcription and releases the newly formed RNA molecule.
Throughout the process, RNA polymerase moves down the DNA sequence, reading the gene sequence and synthesizing a complementary RNA strand. The RNA polymerase enzyme is responsible for catalyzing the chemical reactions that join the RNA nucleotides together, forming the RNA strand.
describe process rna polymerase
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