The particle theory states that all matter is made up of particles that are in constant motion and have space between them. A solution is formed when one substance (the solute) is dissolved in another substance (the solvent). In the case of air, it is a solution because it is a mixture of gases, such as oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide, all of which are evenly dispersed and mixed together in the air. Therefore, air is not a pure substance.
On the other hand, oxygen is a pure substance as it consists of only one type of atom and cannot be broken down into simpler components by physical means. It exists as a gas at room temperature and is not soluble in water or any other solvent. Therefore, it cannot be considered as a solution.
18. Use the particle theory to explain why air is a solution but oxygen is a pure substance.
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