To solve the equation \( x^2 = 289 \) by inspection, we can take the square root of both sides.
Taking the square root of both sides gives us:
\[ x = \pm \sqrt{289} \]
Calculating the square root of 289:
\[ \sqrt{289} = 17 \]
Thus, the two solutions are:
\[ x = 17 \quad \text{and} \quad x = -17 \]
Since the problem requests you to enter the lesser number first, the solutions are:
\[ {-17, 17} \]