– Emphasis on teamwork and collaboration
– Cross-functional and cross-departmental communication and coordination
– Flatter hierarchies and delegation of authority
– Emphasis on employee empowerment and autonomy
– Emphasis on innovation and creativity
– Customer-centric focus
– Use of technology for efficiency and effectiveness
– Continuous learning and improvement mindset.
2.2. Owing to rapid changes in the environment (IT, globalisation, customer needs, etc.), modern
organisations need to be flexible in order to accommodate the changes.
2.2.1. Describe the characteristics of traditional and modern organisations designs.
Traditional (Mechanistic)
– Bureaucratic
– Rigid
– Relies heavily on function and division
• Contemporary/ Modern (Organic)
– Fluid/ flexible (adapts easier to environmental changes)
– Fewer rules and procedures
– Decentralised decision-making
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