A drought hits the habitat of a semi-aquatic bird population. All ponds dry up, and fish populations decline. There are two groups of birds in the population that differ in leg length and diet. Long-legged birds eat fish, while short-legged birds eat insects. The drought has little effect on insect populations.

Question

What is the main selective pressure in this scenario?

(1 point)
Responses

fish population
fish population

leg length
leg length

insect population
insect population

drought

Which statement is accurate about variations?(1 point)
Responses

Organisms with variations that give an advantage are more likely to survive.
Organisms with variations that give an advantage are more likely to survive.

Organisms with variations are less likely to pass these variations to their offspring.
Organisms with variations, , are less likely, , to pass these variations to their offspring.

In all cases, variations become more common in a population.
In all cases, variations, , become more common in a population, .

In all cases, variations affect how likely it is that an organism reproduces.

Consider the following scenario:

In a muddy lake environment, some fish have brown scales. Most fish, however, have silver scales. Predators have a harder time seeing the fish with brown scales.

Which term best describes the brown scales?

(1 point)
Responses

advantageous trait
advantageous trait

new mutation
new mutation

inactivated gene
inactivated gene

predominant phenotype
predominant phenotype

How did the Industrial Revolution impact the population of peppered moths in Britain? (1 point)
Responses

The light-colored moths became more common.
The light-colored moths became more common.

The dark-colored moths became more common.
The dark-colored moths became more common.

The Industrial Revolution caused the proportions of each color morph in the population to become unequal.
The Industrial Revolution caused the proportions of each color morph in the population to become unequal.

The Industrial Revolution caused the proportions of each color morph in the population to become equal.
The Industrial Revolution caused the proportions of each color morph in the population to become equal.

There are two varieties in a population of squirrels: short tails and long tails. Long-tailed squirrels are better at jumping and balancing in trees. Scientists observe that over the span of 100 years, the proportion of the population with long tails increases from 10% to 60%. Which statement is most likely? (1 point)
Responses

The proportion of short-tailed squirrels may have decreased due to an increase in trees.
The proportion of short-tailed squirrels may have decreased due to an increase in trees.

The proportion of long-tailed squirrels may have increased due to a decrease in trees.
The proportion of long-tailed squirrels may have increased due to a decrease in trees.

The proportion of short-tailed squirrels may have decreased due to decreased food availability.
The proportion of short-tailed squirrels may have decreased due to decreased food availability.

The proportion of long-tailed squirrels may have increased due to increased food availability.
The proportion of long-tailed squirrels may have increased due to increased food availability.

Why is the cheetah gene pool small today? (1 point)
Responses

lack of advantageous traits
lack of advantageous traits

poor adaptability
poor adaptability

inbreeding in zoos
inbreeding in zoos

multiple bottleneck events
multiple bottleneck events

After a bottleneck event, the population of rabbits in an area has significantly decreased. A decade later, the population of the rabbits recovers to its original numbers. Which statement is correct about the rabbits? (1 point)
Responses

They are more likely to survive environmental changes because of the bottleneck event.
They are more likely to survive environmental changes because of the bottleneck event.

They are as likely to survive environmental changes because they survived the bottleneck event.
They are as likely to survive environmental changes because they survived the bottleneck event.

They are less likely to survive environmental changes because of the bottleneck event.
They are less likely to survive environmental changes because of the bottleneck event.

They are as likely to survive environmental changes because their population has recovered.
They are as likely to survive environmental changes because their population has recovered.

Facts or data are types of(1 point)
Responses

reasoning.
reasoning.

explanations.
explanations.

evidence.
evidence.

models.

What change is observed in a distribution curve for a trait affected by directional selection?(1 point)
Responses

It shifts to the left.
It shifts to the left.

It shifts to the right.
It shifts to the right.

It shifts to the right and to the left.
It shifts to the right and to the left.

It shifts either to the right or to the left.
It shifts either to the right or to the left.

In a population of birds, brightly colored males and very dull males survive best. Which type of selection is this, and what is most likely true about the proportion of males of intermediate coloring?(1 point)
Responses

Disruptive; males of intermediate coloring make up a small part of the population.
Disruptive; males of intermediate coloring make up a small part of the population.

Directional; males of intermediate coloring make up the greatest part of the population.
Directional; males of intermediate coloring make up the greatest part of the population.

Directional; males of intermediate coloring make up a small part of the population.
Directional; males of intermediate coloring make up a small part of the population.

Stabilizing; males of intermediate coloring make up the greatest part of the population.
Stabilizing; males of intermediate coloring make up the greatest part of the population.

Which action an example of genetic modification (creating GMOs)?(1 point)
Responses

selecting fruit that is fleshy with small seeds and planting those the following season
selecting fruit that is fleshy with small seeds and planting those the following season

raising animals via animal husbandry for food purposes
raising animals via animal husbandry for food purposes

making crops that are resistant to pesticides and insects
making crops that are resistant to pesticides and insects

breeding dogs for specific traits like size, coat color, and temperament
breeding dogs for specific traits like size, coat color, and temperament

Answer 1

What is artificial selection?(1 point)
Responses

The process of selecting and breeding organisms with desirable traits for human purposes.
The process of selecting and breeding organisms with desirable traits for human purposes.

The process of natural selection in which humans play a role in the environment.
The process of natural selection in which humans play a role in the environment.

The process of hybridization between different species of organisms.
The process of hybridization between different species of organisms.

The process of random mutations that result in new traits.