What happened to the Arctic Ocean during the past 40 years?
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During the past 40 years, the Arctic Ocean has undergone significant changes due to climate change and global warming. The region has experienced a rapid loss of sea ice cover, with the extent of summer sea ice declining by about 40% since the 1980s. This melting of sea ice has also led to a warming of the Arctic Ocean and changes in ocean circulation and phytoplankton productivity. The melting of Arctic ice also means that shipping routes are opening up and that oil and gas reserves are more accessible. However, these developments also pose environmental risks for the region.
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