The author contends that African Americans have lost ground in the struggle for civil liberties because they have

a. focused only on creating organizations
b. too often made the wrong decisions
c. not sufficiently fought back
d. used violence to protect property

Use the Charles Graham image of workers in Pittsburgh to answer the question. Which of the following products of the nineteenth century was NOT an effect of the type of production shown in the image?

A. railways
B. skyscrapers
C. organized labor
D. western expansion

Use the excerpt from the Homestead Act to answer the question. Which of the following is NOT evident from the act?

A. the cost of the land
B. who was entitled to land
C. how much land citizens would receive
D. where the land would come from

Use the photograph of immigrants at the Ford Motor Co. Factory in Detroit to answer the question. How does this image illustrate a domestic response to immigration?

A. It shows that native-born Americans largely resisted increasing immigration.
B. It shows that most male immigrants were encouraged to come by female citizens.
C. It demonstrates that immigrants were encouraged to assimilate into native communities. D. It indicates that native citizens and new immigrants frequently fought over scarce resources.

Use the excerpt from the Sherman Antitrust Act to answer the question. The Sherman Antitrust Act made it illegal to

A. restrain trade through contracts, trusts, and conspiracies.
B. create business contracts that combined more than two companies.
C. have companies compete directly with other companies in the same field.
D. produce monopolies that would create profits for people other than shareholders.

Use the photograph of people paying New Year's calls to answer the question. The image indicates that, in the 1800s,

A. diverse cultural groups brought their traditions to the United States.
B. it was easy for members of distinct ethnic groups to blend with others.
C. the American "melting pot" was producing a thoroughly homogenized American culture.
D. immigrants lost their original traditions as they assimilated into mainstream American culture.