To analyze the reaction between iron, water, and oxygen, we can consider the concepts of oxidation and reduction:
- Oxidation: This is the process in which an atom or molecule loses electrons. The substance that loses electrons is said to be oxidized and is called the reducing agent.
- Reduction: This is the process in which an atom or molecule gains electrons. The substance that gains electrons is said to be reduced and is called the oxidizing agent.
In the case of iron pipes in contact with water and oxygen, iron (Fe) tends to lose electrons and get oxidized to Fe²⁺ or Fe³⁺ ions, while oxygen (O₂) gains electrons and gets reduced to form hydroxide ions (OH⁻) or water (H₂O).
Based on this understanding:
- Iron loses electrons (is oxidized).
- Oxygen gains electrons (is reduced).
So, the correct statements among the responses given are:
- Oxygen is reduced, and iron is oxidized. (Correct)
- Iron is the oxidizing agent. (Incorrect, because iron is actually the reducing agent since it is oxidized.)
- Iron is reduced and oxygen is oxidized. (Incorrect)
- Oxygen is the reducing agent. (Incorrect, because oxygen gains electrons.)
Thus, the correct answer to the question is:
Oxygen is reduced, and iron is oxidized.
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