To determine whether an acid is strong or weak, we need to consider its dissociation in water and the resulting concentration of ions.
Here is the step-by-step process to determine if each acid is strong or weak:
a.) HCl:
HCl is hydrochloric acid. It is a strong acid that completely dissociates in water, forming H+ and Cl- ions.
b.) H2SO3:
H2SO3 is sulfurous acid. It is a weak acid that only partially dissociates in water. To determine its strength, we can look at the acid dissociation constant (Ka). The Ka value for H2SO3 is relatively small, indicating a weak acid.
c.) HNO2:
HNO2 is nitrous acid. Like sulfurous acid, it is a weak acid. To determine its strength, we can also look at the Ka value. The Ka value for HNO2 is relatively small, indicating a weak acid.
d.) H3PO2:
H3PO2 is phosphorous acid. It is a weak acid. Similar to the previous two acids, we can determine its strength by looking at the Ka value. The Ka value for H3PO2 is relatively small, indicating a weak acid.
e.) HNO4:
HNO4 is not a known acid. Nitric acid, which has the formula HNO3, is a strong acid.
f.) H2SO5:
H2SO5 is peroxymonosulfuric acid. It is a strong acid that completely dissociates in water, forming H+ and SO4^2- ions.
g.) HI:
HI is hydroiodic acid. It is a strong acid that completely dissociates in water, forming H+ and I- ions.
In summary:
- HCl, H2SO5, and HI are strong acids.
- H2SO3, HNO2, and H3PO2 are weak acids.
- HNO4 is not a known acid.
It is important to note that the strength or weakness of an acid can be determined by its ability to dissociate in water and the Ka values.